The invention provides a near infrared qualitative discrimination feature extraction method, which comprises the following steps: the step 1: acquiring near infrared spectroscopy data of a modeling sample by using a near infrared spectroscopy; the step 2: adding historical near infrared spectroscopy data of samples of the same substance; the step 3: carrying out a pretreatment for the near infrared spectroscopy data of the modeling sample and the sample data of historical near infrared spectroscopy data; the step 4: carrying out a partial least square feature extraction of all sample data after pretreatment, and obtaining a partial least square space; the step 5: carrying out a projection of near infrared spectroscopy data of the modeling sample after pretreatment to the constructed partial least square space; the step 6: carrying out an orthogonal linear discriminant analysis feature extraction of the near infrared spectroscopy data of the modeling sample after projection, and completing the extraction. The method provided by the invention can improve robustness of the near infrared qualitative analysis model.