The invention discloses a calcining system for an anhydrous calcium sulfate production line. The calcining system comprises a stock bin gate controller, a feeding displacement controller and a layering treatment system. The stock bin gate controller comprises a transmission mechanism, an execution mechanism and a pair of linear sliding rails (5). The feeding displacement controller comprises a motor (12), a B transmission gear (13), a pair of sliding rails (14) and a pair of travelling mechanisms. The layering treatment system comprises a discharge chamber, a harmful gas treatment device, an exhaust pipe (19) and a dedusting pipe (20). The calcining system realizes maneuvering integrated control of a bin gate and a screw conveyer, replaces the original manual operation process, improves work efficiency, reduces a labor cost, realizes collection, discharge and treatment respectively on dust and gas, and optimizes the on-site work environment.