The invention provides a virtual container based big data storage and management system and method. The system comprises a metadata server, a scheduler and a slaver server, wherein the metadata server is used for maintaining tenant information and user information and performing authority authentication when a user accesses metadata and a container; the scheduler comprises two layers of scheduling; the upper-layer scheduling is container-layer scheduling; the lower-layer scheduling is task-layer scheduling; the upper-layer scheduling is used for receiving a request of the user and assigning and configuring the corresponding container for the user; the lower-layer scheduling is completed by a master node of a big data computing framework; the scheduler implements scheduling of the container; and the slave server controls start and stop of the container on a physical machine, monitors resources of the physical machine and feeds back the resources and a task operation condition to the scheduler. According to the system, a virtual container technology is adopted to isolate the resources from the environment, adopts a double-layer scheduling architecture to reduce a load of an upper-layer scheduler and a coupling degree between a distributed application and the scheduler, and provides support for real-time scheduling on a storage system.