The invention relates to the field of glass plate washing, in particular to silicate glass plate washing, and particularly discloses a pickling solution for washing a silicate glass plate and a method for washing the silicate glass plate through the pickling solution. The pickling solution comprises acid liquor and water, and further comprises benzalkonium bromide and OP emulsifier. The PH value of the pickling solution is 1-5. The pickling solution comprises, by weight, 5%-40% of acid liquor, 30%-94% of water, 0.5%-15% of benzalkonium bromide and 0.5%-15% of OP emulsifier. According to the pickling solution for washing the silicate glass plate and the method for washing the silicate glass plate through the pickling solution, mildew on the surface of the glass plate can be completely removed, and tiny particulate pollutants absorbed on the surface of the glass plate can also be completely removed; it can be guaranteed that the defect that the local thickness of the glass plate is nonuniform due to acid pickling is overcome; in this way, the surface cleanliness of the glass plate, particularly the mildewing glass plate is improved, and the glass plate is protected from being subjected to erosion damage by the pickling solution.