The invention relates to a method for mapping an amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristic curve of a passive device, belonging to the technical field of microwave signal measurement. The method comprises the following steps that data of a reference end and a receiving end is subjected to time division access to a receiving channel of a signal conditioning network of a multi-channel amplitude phase test system through a channel switching module, and after a signal in the receiving channel passes through a digital attenuator and a band-pass filter in the receiving channel, the signal is connected to a collection analysis end of the multi-channel amplitude phase test system; and the collection analysis end samples the connected signal through a high-speed AD (Analog-to-Digital) converter to obtain a digital signal for carrying out down-conversion, extraction, matched filtering, digital matched filtering and code acquisition processing, and lastly, two ways of correlation peak data I and Q obtained after code acquisition is transmitted to an upper computer, the amplitude and the phase of a reference channel and the amplitude and the phase of a test channel are solved by the two ways of correlation peak data I and Q according to formulas, and the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristic curve is mapped through the magnitude-phase characteristics of each frequency point.