The invention provides a rapid-wear protection knapsack with a head and neck protection function and solves the problems of narrow application range, small protection range, low wear speed, high professional degree and inconvenience for use and carrying. The rapid-wear protection knapsack comprises a knapsack body and one or more protection layers including a back protection layer, a chest protection layer and head and neck protection parts. The knapsack comprises a storage space used for holding objects and comprises a sandwich layer. The back protection layer, the chest protection layer and the head and neck protection parts are held in the sandwich layer and a top storage bag. The chest protection layer and the head and neck protection parts can be spread quickly within 1-3 seconds through handles to form fully-surrounding protection for the human bodies. The rapid-wear protection knapsack with a head and neck protection function can provide effective protection for the crucial parts of the bodies such as the chest, the back, the head and the neck at the highest speed in case of weapon attack, and can fulfill the functions of fire prevention, drowning prevention, warm keeping and safety prompt through the change of protection layer materials. The protection layers are stored in the knapsack body in ordinary times and thus can be carried conveniently and save storage space.