A titanium material or a titanium alloy material used for a fuel cell separator has a surface shape on which a plurality of protrusions are distributed and formed, wherein the protrusions have surfaces on which a titanium oxide film is formed. The titanium material or the titanium alloy material is assumed to be significantly improved in contact conductivity by the presence of the fine protrusions and is more enhanced in contact conductivity to carbon and durability, enabling the life of a fuel cell to be extended. The present invention is highly applicable to battery manufacturing industries.