The invention provides application of lncRNA-MALAT1 in preparing a proliferative vitroretinopathy (PVR) diagnosis reagent. The invention also provides an MALAT1 detection kit for PVR diagnosis. The kit comprises an RNA (ribonucleic acid) extraction system, a reverse transcription reaction system and a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) reaction system. On the basis of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, the kit can be used for carrying out PVR early diagnosis by detecting the relative content of MALAT1 in the serum or plasma. The method has the characteristics of small trauma and the like, and is convenient to operate.