The invention belongs to the technical field of oil stain processing materials, and discloses a high-performance cellulose base oil absorption material and a preparing method thereof. The method includes the following steps that paper pulp is blended with water after being subjected to defibering to form suspension liquid with the mass fraction being 0.1%-5%, then the paper pulp suspension liquid is frozen and dried, and a cellulose base porous material is obtained; then the cellulose base porous material is separated from a silylating reagent and deionization water and placed in the same closed environment as the silylating reagent and the deionization water to be heated to 50 DEG C to 120 DEG C, a hydrophobic modification reaction of chemical vapor deposition is conducted for 0.5 hour to 4 hours, and the high-performance cellulose base oil absorption material is obtained. According to the high-performance cellulose base oil absorption material and the preparing method thereof, the method that simple and environmentally-friendly freezing and drying is combined with chemical vapor deposition is adopted, the cellulose base oil absorption material with the ultrahigh oil absorption volume and the high circulation performance is obtained, a traditional oil absorption material can be replaced, and the high-performance cellulose base oil absorption material and the preparing method have broad application prospects.