The application provides a 802.1x-based authentication method and device. The method comprises the steps that a current authentication user is preliminarily authenticated by adopting a 802.1x authentication mode according to the registered user identity information; after passing of preliminary authentication of the current authentication user is confirmed, auxiliary authentication information bound with the registered user identity information is acquired; and secondary authentication is performed on the current authentication user via the auxiliary authentication information by adopting a verification code authentication mode so that identity of the current authentication user is confirmed to be legal. Authentication accuracy and network security are enhanced on the basis of the existing 802.1x authentication mode with combination of verification code authentication.