The invention discloses a level set image segmentation method based on a local guide core-fitting energy model, and the method mainly comprises the steps: the definition of a level set function, the construction of a segmentation model energy functional, the simplification of an energy functional model, the evolution of the level set function, and the smoothing of the level set function. The method is used for extracting local information of an image based on local guide core-fitting energy functional, and Gaussian filtering is carried out in each iterative process, so as to avoid the periodic initialization of the level set function. The method not only improves the segmentation precision of a weak boundary target in a scene with nonuniform gray scale, but also completely avoids a problem of periodic initialization, and also reduces the computation complexity of an algorithm.