The invention relates to a shipborne control system for an unmanned ship based on an ARM and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The shipborne control system comprises the DSP, an ARM processor, an autonomous navigation subsystem, a sounding subsystem, a posture control subsystem, a battery-voltage detection subsystem, an anti-collision subsystem of millimeter-wave radars, and a data storage subsystem, wherein the autonomous navigation subsystem is used for inputting routes for the unmanned ship in advance; the sounding subsystem is used for transmitting the acquired underwater sounding data to the ARM processor through an echo altimeter; the posture control subsystem is used for obtaining posture angle signals; the battery-voltage detection subsystem is used for detecting the battery-voltage signals of the unmanned ship and judging the cruising ability of the unmanned ship; the anti-collision subsystem of millimeter-wave radars is used for measuring the distance and the relative speed between the unmanned ship and a target object in front of the unmanned ship through the modulation of continuous wave radars through a linear frequency, analyzing the acquired real-time information through the DSP, and judging the current sailing safety state of the unmanned ship.