The invention discloses a macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method. The method includes the following steps: constructing a simulation ecological system, placing macrobrachium nipponensis into the simulation ecological system, feeding the macrobrachium nipponensis one time each day, and changing water one time every one week; selecting berried shrimps from the macrobrachium nipponensis to serve as parent shrimps which are placed into cultivation jars to be fed, and placing one berried shrimp into each jar; after larvae break away from the parent shrimps, placing the parent shrimps back into the simulation ecological system to be fed continuously, and placing the larvae into juvenile prawn cultivation jars for cultivation; after the zoaea larvae are just hatched, feeding the zoaea larvae two times each day, and feeding the zoaea larvae one time after the zoaea larvae get into the larva stage. According to the macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method, the operability is high, frequent water changing and manual management are not needed, it can be guaranteed that the macrobrachium nipponensis can live and conduct breeding in a room for a long time, and a guarantee is provided for the smooth development of medicine environment safety assessment.