The invention provides an axial moving end surface positioning three-claw chuck, which comprises a three-claw claw body and a sliding column clamp claw head, wherein a cylindrical long hole is processed in the three-claw claw body, a certain included angle alpha is formed between the cylindrical long hole and a rotating center line of a lathe main shaft, and the sliding column clamp claw head is assembled in the cylindrical long hole. When the axial moving end surface positioning three-claw chuck is adopted, the sufficient merging radial and axial clamping force can be maintained during the clamping process and when the clamping is completed, so that the tight pressing tight contact is formed between a workpiece positioning surface and a clamp head positioning nail, and whether the end surface positioning gap increase and failure is caused by a gap generated trough abrasion between the three-claw claw body and the chuck main body or not does not need to be worried. Meanwhile, the operation complexity degree of workers is not increased, the design and manufacturing complexity degree of a tooling clamp is not increased, and the accurate continuous and effective effects can be ensured.