The invention relates to a production reaction kettle for preparing chlorinated rubber through a water-phase method and a chlorinated rubber processing device. The production reaction kettle for preparing chlorinated rubber through the water-phase method is internally provided with at least two partition plates with through holes, and the partition plates are provided with catalyst fillers; a feed opening is arranged at the top of the reaction kettle, and the feed opening is communicated with a feed distribution plate; a plurality of ultraviolet lamps are arranged at the top inside the reaction kettle, a window is arranged on the side wall of the reaction kettle, and the ultraviolet lamps are fixed outside the window. The chlorinated rubber processing device disclosed by the invention is a similar fixed bed reaction device, can effectively utilize the catalyst, is sufficient in ultraviolet light in an integral reaction process and favorable to the smooth progress of reaction, and is of utmost importance to adopt continuous reaction as the reaction, thus effectively improving the production efficiency.