The invention discloses a data transmission module based on a load ground detector. The data transmission module based on the load ground detector comprises a LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) data receiving circuit, a pulse per second receiving and transmitting circuit, an OC instruction output circuit, a first storing device, a second storing device and a processor; the LVDS data receiving circuit, pulse per second receiving and transmitting circuit, the OS instruction output circuit, the first storing device and the second storing device are respectively connected with the processor. The data transmission method comprises the steps of analyzing a control instruction and configuring a LVDS receiving channel; processing the LVDS input data by first-stage cache; sending the LVDS input data to a second-stage cache; outputting the LVDS data through the PCIe. With the adoption of the module and method, the data can be reliably received and transmitted to the outside, the RS422 level conversion and the OC instruction output and other functions are achieved.