The invention discloses a wireless positioning method and device on the basis of virtual anchor points and a terminal. The method comprises the following steps: when effective positioning conditions are met, acquiring and storing positioning data, at the same time, carrying out multipath analysis and tracking on a received wireless signal transmitted by a signal transmission station, calculating and storing propagation distance information of each path and calculating and storing virtual image position information of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station; when the effective positioning conditions are not met, selecting at least one virtual image from virtual images of multiple paths of the signal transmission station, using the selected virtual image as a positioning virtual anchor point and acquiring current position information according to the effective positioning conditions and the at least one positioning virtual anchor point. According to the invention, in various multi-path scenes (for example, an indoor scene, a dense urban area and the like), the virtual anchor points, which are continuously recorded, of multiple paths of the actual wireless signal transmission station are combined with other effective positioning conditions for positioning, multipath information is sufficiently utilized, positioning errors caused by signal reflection and diffraction are reduced, and the problem of an insufficient number of effectively positioned anchor points is effectively solved.