The invention relates to the field of central hole processing equipment and provides a central hole processing lathe. The central hole processing lathe comprises a normal lathe provided with a lathe body, a main shaft box, a main shaft located in the main shaft box and a tail base, wherein the central hole processing lathe further comprises a connecting shaft, a drill clamping head, an inner shaft sleeve, an outer shaft sleeve, at least two anti-reversing boards and a two-way feeding retracting device, the connecting shaft is arranged in a main shaft hole of the main shaft, the drill clamping head is provided with a main shaft end central drill and is connected with the front end of the connecting shaft, the inner shaft sleeve sleeves outside the connecting shaft and is axially connected with the connecting shaft in a sliding mode, the outer shaft sleeve is pivoted with the inner shaft sleeve, the outer side periphery of the outer shaft sleeve is connected with the main shaft hole, the anti-reversing boards are axially connected with the back part of the connecting shaft through a spline in a sliding mode, the anti-reversing boards are connected with the back end of the main shaft box, one end of the two-way feeding retracting device is connected with the back end of the connecting shaft, and the other end of the two-way feeding retracting device is connected with the tail base. The central hole processing lathe can simultaneously process the central holes in the two ends of axis type elements.