Disclosed are a high-transmission-rate 1553B bus coupling transformer and a winding process thereof. The high-transmission-rate 1553B bus coupling transformer comprises an annular magnetic core (1), an enamelled wire (2), a polyimide thin film adhesive tape (3) and a polytef thin film (4). The annular magnetic core (1) and a method of primary layered winding and secondary layered winding are adopted for realizing. Number of turns and interval of coil windings are strictly controlled in the process of winding, a proper insulating medium is used between a primary winding and a secondary winding to lower distributed capacitance and leakage inductance among the windings, and distributed parameters of products are ensured to meet requirements of 4Mbps-10Mbps transmission rate. The winding process includes using the enamelled wire (2) to uniformly wind the primary winding on the surface of the annular magnetic core (1); pasting the polyimide thin film adhesive tape (3) of 3mm in width on the annular side face of the primary winding; uniformly winding the secondary winding; using the polytef thin film (4) to wrap and isolate the windings to prevent remainder from entering the insides of the windings; pasting a pin identity adhesive tape (5) on a leading-out line.