The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional imaging, and provides a three-dimensional imaging method and system for a human body and a simultaneous calibration method for multiple control base stations. Under the condition that spatial overlap does not exist in effective view fields of all distributed sensors, the structural parameters and the global matching parameters of all the sensors are calibrated. By using the corresponding point searching method with phase shift combined with random structured light, the image collection time for obtaining single-viewpoint depth data is shortened. By using the thought of time multiplexing, the whole data collection time of the system is compressed, due to the design of distributed computing, the computing power of the whole system is enhanced, and the speed for data acquisition is increased. According to the calibrated global matching parameters of all the different sensors, the depth data of the different sensors are matched automatically. The system can be debugged and expanded conveniently, the automation degree is high, and the three-dimension scanning process is easy to implement.