A three-dimensional lignocellulosic detection device includes a first lignocellulosic substrate and a second lignocellulosic substrate. When the first lignocellulosic substrate is in contact with a liquid specimen through capillary effect, the sample is absorbed into the second lignocellulosic substrate through the first lignocellulosic substrate, reacts with the detecting reagent on the second lignocellulosic substrate and makes a detection test. The three dimensional lignocellulosic detection device of the present invention have inherent advantages of the lignocellulosic such as natural material, low cost, easy manipulation and capillary effect and results in a good preventive diagnostic platform. Also, users may achieve preventive disease diagnostics without spending additional time and/or money.