The invention discloses a device for researching learning and memory ability of zebra fish. The device comprises four communicated branch water channels which are respectively marked as A, B, C and D, wherein the four communicated branch water channels form an X-shaped water channel; a comfort end which is liked by zebra fish is arranged at the tail end of the branch water channel which is marked as A; a punishment end at which the zebra fish accepts electric stimulation is arranged at the tail end of the branch water channel which is marked as B; zebra fish put ends of the X-shaped water channel are arranged at the tail ends of the two branch water channels which are marked as C and D; the zebra fish swims into the X-shaped water channel along the put ends; an inserting groove for allowing a partition plate to be inserted is formed in the wall of the X-shaped water channel. The device is capable of solving the problems that an existing T-shaped water channel is not reasonable in design, low in difficulty and low in practicability, and is also capable of adjusting and increasing the difficulty for searching for a comfort region in memory by the zebra fish, thereby providing a relatively accurate experiment result for evaluation of the drug effect of enhancing memory.