The invention discloses a multi-purpose rotary roller flexible deformation correcting device provided with a balancing device. The multi-purpose rotary roller flexible deformation correcting device comprises a cylinder body, wherein an air compressor is fixedly installed in the cylinder body, cylinder blocks are connected to an outlet of the air compressor and are evenly arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the cylinder body, and a piston rod of each cylinder block is connected with a supporting cylinder; a supporting rod is arranged in each supporting cylinder in a sleeved mode through threads, and an arc-shaped supporting plate is connected to the other end of each supporting rod; hollow ejector rods are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the cylinder body in the circumferential direction, a spring is arranged in each ejector rod in a sleeved mode, a sliding rod is arranged in each ejector rod in a matched mode and can slide in the ejector rod, one end of each sliding rod is inserted into the corresponding ejector rod and in contact with the corresponding spring, a balancing ring is connected to the other end of each sliding rod, and an arc-shaped groove used for installing a balancing bar is formed in each balancing ring. The multi-purpose rotary roller flexible deformation correcting device can be stably installed inside a roller to improve roller flexible deformation correcting accuracy and has the advantage of being wide in application range.