The invention discloses an aluminium-containing metal carbon aerogel composite material and a preparation method thereof. The aluminium-containing metal carbon aerogel composite material comprises carbon aerogel and metallic aluminium or aluminium alloy, wherein the metallic aluminium or aluminium alloy is distributed in a skeleton structure of the carbon aerogel in a permeation or diffusion manner, and carbon elementary substance particles are orderly arranged. A secondary aluminium battery assembled by adopting the aluminium carbon aerogel composite material as a negative electrode has high cathode utilization rate and excellent cyclic stability.