The invention relates to a phosphorus-containing MFI molecular sieve synthesis method. The phosphorus-containing MFI molecular sieve synthesis method comprises the following steps of 1, adding an aluminum source, a silicon source and an alkali into deionized water, and/or adding a nitrogen-containing organic matter template and one or more quaternary phosphor salt organics as all or a part of templates into the solution to obtain a reaction mixture having a SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratio of 20-1000, a Na2O/SiO2 mole ratio of 0.01-2.0, a Q/SiO2 mole ratio of 0.005-2.0 and a H2O/SiO2 mole ratio of 5-5000, 2, transferring the mixture into a high pressure reactor with a Teflon lining, carrying out hydrothermal crystallization at a temperature of 100-200 DEG C for 4-120h, and carrying out filtration and drying to obtain phosphor-containing molecular sieve raw powder and 3, carrying out activation on the molecular sieve raw powder in a hydro-thermal environment having a temperature of 300-800 DEG C, and removing the template to obtain a phosphor-containing MFI molecular sieve. The phosphorus-containing MFI molecular sieve synthesis method has simple operation processes. The phosphorus-containing MFI molecular sieve obtained by the phosphorus-containing MFI molecular sieve synthesis method has obviously improved hydro-thermal stability.