The invention discloses an airflow-assisted electrostatic spinning instrument with a real-time sampling function, which comprises an electro-spinning room, a sampling room, a humidity and temperature adjusting room and a master control room, wherein all the parts are relatively independent and are reasonably arranged in a relatively large box-type glass shade. The instrument is characterized in that the electro-spinning room is designed in such a way that materials are fed from the bottom while electro-spinning products are received from the top; an auxiliary fan is mounted on a needle head fixing rod in the electro-spinning room and used for forming rising auxiliary airflow in the process of electrostatic spinning to enable the electrostatic spinning to be performed stably and continuously; the sampling room can collect electro-spinning samples at any time without interrupting electro-spinning; samples obtained by the sampling room can be observed preliminarily under a high-power microscope or are further observed under a characterization instrument like a scanning electron microscope; the humidity and temperature adjusting room is provided with a heating rod, communicated with a dehumidifier and used for controlling the temperature and humidity of the electro-spinning room. The airflow-assisted electrostatic spinning instrument aims to overcome a filament phenomenon in the process of electrostatic spinning to enable the electrostatic spinning to be performed stably and continuously.