The invention provides a photovoltaic-power-station low-voltage penetrating performance evaluation method based on an inverter model test. The method includes the following steps: step1: carrying out a low-voltage penetrating model test on a photovoltaic inverter single-machine model; performing fault simulation on a grid-connection photovoltaic inverter model according to test parameters of the model test and verifying the low-voltage penetrating performance of the photovoltaic inverter single-machine model; step2: constructing a photovoltaic power station model; step3: performing steady-state power flow calculation on the photovoltaic power station model and analyzing the steady-state performance of the photovoltaic power station model; step4: according to a low-voltage penetrating performance standard of the photovoltaic power station, verifying the low-voltage penetrating performance of the photovoltaic power station model. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic-power-station low-voltage penetrating performance evaluation method based on the inverter model test is capable of meeting evaluation demands of power grids on low-voltage penetrating technical requirements of a large-size photovoltaic power station under conditions that a low-voltage penetrating test on the whole of a photovoltaic power station cannot be carried out and a test on a photovoltaic power generation unit cannot be carried out effectively.