The invention discloses a raw material for preparing urea-formaldehyde resin substitute adhesive and a preparation method of the adhesive. The urea-formaldehyde resin substitute adhesive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of a castor bean oil and epoxy ethane condensation compound, 0.1-1 part of propylene glycol polypropylene oxide polyvinyl ether, 0.005-1 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5-15 parts of sodium silicate, 0.001-0.1 part of borax, 0.1-2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.5-5 parts of rosin, and 70-100 parts of water. The prepared substitute adhesive is prepared from domestic raw materials, so that the raw materials are sufficient and low in cost, a production technology is easy, emission of toxic gas or toxic liquid does not exist in the whole production process, so that a workspace without air pollution is provided for workers, the national environmental protection requirements for wood and bamboo preparation are also met, meanwhile a production technology and equipment for wood and bamboo preparation are not changed, the used technology is easy and facilitates manual operation, the fields using the urea-formaldehyde resin can use the substitute adhesive for replacement, and the substitute adhesive is strong in practicality, and wide in application range.