In general, a process manufacturing for polyvinylidene fluoride-based separation membrane and a membrane manufactured using same employ a non-solvent induced phase separation method and a thermally induced phase separation method. However, the hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride-based hollow-fiber separation membrane according to the present invention is manufactured using a spinning solution that contains a predetermined hydrophilic polymer and a poor solvent for excellent mechanical strength, and has small pores, a high permeation flow rate, and high membrane contamination resistance. Also, when a separation membrane for water treatment is manufactured, predetermined post-processing processes for providing porosity and hydrophilicity are eliminated, such that the separation membrane may be manufactured economically and efficiently.