The invention discloses an intelligent hydrophone with a self-calibration function. The intelligent hydrophone is used for solving the technical problems of low measurement precision and small dynamic range of the existing underwater acoustic measurement system. According to the technical scheme, the intelligent hydrophone comprises a pre-filter amplifier, a 24bit A/D converter, a digital signal processor, a data recording storage device and a data communication interface. The hydrophone converts a received sound pressure signal into an analog voltage signal, and sends the analog voltage signal to the pre-filter amplifier. After filter amplifier is carried out, the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the 24bit A/D converter. The digital signal processor provides a time sequence required by acquiring for the 24bit A/D converter, at the same time the digital signal acquired by the 24bit A/D converter is stored in the data recording storage device, or is transmitted to a computer through the data communication interface. Due to the fact that the hydrophone and digital units are integrated into a whole body, the measurement accuracy is improved from no more than +/-1.5dB of a background technology to +/-0.5dB, and the measurement dynamic range is improved.