The invention discloses a test system and method for a performance test of a rock mass structural surface. The test system comprises a main frame provided with a loading frame body and a base, a vertical loading device, a shearing box, a horizontal loading device, a hydraulic control device and a digital control device, wherein the hydraulic control device and the digital control device are used for controlling the loading process of the test in real time. The vertical loading device comprises a cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder and a high-strength spring, wherein the fixed part of the hydraulic servo oil cylinder is fixed to the loading frame body in the mode that a fixing base plate and bolts are connected, the moving part of the hydraulic servo oil cylinder is connected with the shearing box through a U-shaped pressure plate, and the high-strength spring is installed on the upper portion of the U-shaped pressure plate and is detachably connected between a rigid locating plate and the U-shaped pressure plate. The horizontal loading device comprises two hydraulic servo actuators which apply dynamic shearing loads to the shearing box. By means of the test system for the performance test of the rock mass structural surface, the shearing process under the conditions of contant normal stress and constant normal stiffness of the rock mass structural surface can be completed, and therefore the response regularity of the rock mass structural surface under the action of dynamic shearing is obtained.