The invention relates to a rapid cooling device. The rapid cooling device comprises at least two cooling boxes; one sides of the cooling boxes are provided with feeding inlets; the other sides of the cooling boxes are provided with discharging holes; the walls of the cooling boxes are provided with water inlets and water outlets; the rapid cooling device also comprises feeding guide rails and box liners; the box liners are arranged inside the cooling boxes; the feeding guide rails are parallel to the feeding direction and are arranged on the box liners. According to the rapid cooling device, the temperature of the box liners is reduced to cool workpieces and accordingly the direct contact between the water and the workpieces can be avoided; the water in the cooling boxes can be discharged for a bath and the like when the temperature is too high and accordingly the secondary utilization can be achieved and water resources can be saved; the feeding and discharging of the workpieces can be achieved through up and down movement of staggered saw blades and accordingly the direct contact between the workpieces and the box liners is avoided and the abrasion of the workpieces is effectively prevented; the multistage cooling of the workpieces can be achieved due to the plurality of cooling boxes and accordingly the workpiece deformation caused by the too high temperature can be prevented and the product quality can be ensured.