The invention provides a multi-dimensional interval query method based on cloud computing. The method includes the steps of index construction and multi-dimensional interval data query. The index construction step includes: automatically constructing and storing a distributed grid file index and metadata according to an externally entered index construction command. The multi-dimensional interval data query step includes: positioning a data block to be read, according to an externally entered query command and on the basis of the distributed grid file index and metadata, and automatically and evenly distributing reading requests to nods of a server cluster, parallelly processing query requests in the system, parallelly acquiring all query results, and collecting the results before returning to users. The invention further provides a multi-dimensional interval query system based on the distributed grid file index.