The invention provides a multi-mode optical high resolution microscope which integrates various advanced microscopic optical imaging technologies. Confocal microscopic imaging, two-photon microscopic imaging, STED microscopic imaging and STED two-photon fusion imaging can be achieved in one microscopic system, accordingly, the multi-functional high resolution optical microscope is formed. The multi-mode optical high resolution microscope can be suitable for various research fields and can become a powerful research tool for biomedicine.