The invention discloses a concrete splitting strength test device and a concrete splitting strength test method in an ultra-low-temperature environment. The device comprises a universal testing machine and a low-temperature box arranged between an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate of the universal testing machine, wherein holes used for the passing of an upper force transfer rod and a lower force transfer rod are formed in the surfaces of the low-temperature box; one end of the upper force transfer rod is connected with the upper pressure plate of the universal testing machine; the other end of the upper force transfer rod is connected with an upper pressure bearing disk which is clamped above a concrete sample; an upper gasket is connected between the upper pressure bearing disk and the concrete sample; one end of the lower force transfer rod is connected with the lower pressure plate of the universal testing machine; the other end of the lower force transfer rod is connected with a lower pressure bearing disk which is clamped below the concrete sample; a lower gasket is connected between the lower pressure bearing disk and the concrete sample; the upper pressure bearing disk, the upper gasket and the lower gasket are connected through two positioning rods. The device disclosed by the invention is high in integrity, simple in structure and convenient to disassemble; the test method is simple and is easy to operate and implement; the efficiency is guaranteed and the test accuracy is also guaranteed. The device and the method can be widely applied to the concrete splitting strength test in the ultra-low-temperature environment.