The invention discloses a multi-bed biomembrane reactor for culture of anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria. The multi-bed biomembrane reactor comprises a plurality of small membrane beds which are superposed, wherein each small membrane bed comprises a frame, a trellised filter cloth bracket and a filter cloth; the trellised filter cloth bracket is arranged at the bottom of the frame; the filter cloth clings to the lower part of the trellised filter cloth bracket; a closed water inlet vessel is arranged between a side plate at one side of the frame of the small membrane bed and the trellised filter cloth bracket; a closed water outlet vessel is arranged between another side plate at the other side opposite to the side plate and the trellised filter cloth bracket; a water inlet hole is formed at the bottom of the water inlet vessel; a water outlet hole is formed at the upper part of the side surface of the water outlet vessel opposite to the water inlet vessel; and the water inlet vessel and the water outlet vessel are communicated with each other through a water delivery pipe. According to the invention, sludge can be granulated; the sludge granules are large in density, big in specific weight, high in activity and resistant to hydraulic impact; and loss of the sludge can be prevented, so that the gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase can be in full contact, and the load is greatly increased.