The invention discloses a method for smelting chromel alloy by stainless steel dedusting ash and laterite-nickel ore. The method comprises the steps as follows: a stainless steel dedusting ash briquette is manufactured; the stainless steel dedusting ash briquette is added into the laterite-nickel ore, the laterite-nickel ore is placed in an electric plasma furnace to be molten into a mother liquid, the temperature of the molten mother liquid ranges from1,650 DEG C-1,750 DEG C; coke is added for smelting after the mother liquid is molten completely, the smelting temperature is controlled in a range from 1,650 DEG C to 1,750 DEG C simultaneously, and an additive is simultaneously added for an early reduction reaction for 1-2 hours; after the early reduction reaction is finished, a fluxing agent and calcium carbonate are added for continuous reduction reaction for 1-2 hours, so that a metal liquid is obtained; the temperature of the metal liquid is adjusted in a range from 1,650 DEG C to 1,750 DEG C, dregs are removed, and the metal liquid is remained; and pouring is performed to form ingots. With the adoption of the method, waste is reused, so that pollution of the waste on the environment is reduced; and further, steel-making dedusting ash and the laterite-nickel ore are sufficiently combined for smelting, and the chromel alloy with high recovery rate and high content is obtained through addition of an NCP-2 additive.