The invention discloses a device for performing synchronous nitration and denitrification on a percolate by using a mineralized rubbish reaction bed. The device comprises the mineralized rubbish reaction bed and an aeration device, wherein a solid sampling opening is formed in the surface of the mineralized rubbish reaction bed; an effluent sampling opening and an aeration pipe are arranged at the lower part of the mineralized rubbish reaction bed; the aeration pipe is connected with a rotor flowmeter; the rotor flowmeter is connected with an air pump; the air pump is connected with a control box; a vent pipe is arranged in the center of the mineralized rubbish reaction bed; the top of the vent pipe is sealed; the pipe wall of the vent pipe is punched; the lower part of the vent pipe is connected with the aeration pipe; the outer part of the vent pipe is wrapped by a sand net; a cover and a funnel are arranged at the top of the mineralized rubbish reaction bed; a valve is arranged between the funnel and the cover; a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plate, in which holes are uniformly distributed, is arranged at the bottom of the cover; the mineralized rubbish reaction bed is filled with a gravel layer, a mineralized rubbish layer and an inclined surface gravel layer; the inclined surface gravel layer is supported by an inclined plate in which holes are uniformly distributed; a temperature probe is embedded into the mineralized rubbish layer; the mineralized rubbish reaction bed is made of the PVC plate and is a place for performing reaction; the aeration device is a device for realizing synchronous nitration and denitrification. The device provided by the invention realizes synchronous nitration and denitrification in the mineralized rubbish so as to treat wastes by wastes.