A blowout brake control system comprises a wheel detector, a brake pedal position sensor and an anti-lock brake device. The wheel detector is used for acquiring tire status signals of a plurality of tires. The brake pedal position sensor is used for acquiring pedal position signals of a brake pedal. The anti-lock brake device comprises a brake control unit and a brake execution unit. The brake control unit is used for receiving and processing the tire status signals and pedal position signals, so that normal anti-lock brake control signals or wheel differential anti-brake brake control signals are output. The wheel differential anti-lock brake control signals include brake failure signals for flat tires and anti-lock brake signals for non-flat tires. The brake execution unit is used for receiving the normal anti-lock brake control signals or wheel differential anti-brake brake control signals to allow for braking. Through the use of the blowout brake control system, vehicle accidents caused by blowout occur less likely. The invention further provides a blowout brake control method.