The invention discloses a self-control heating supply system of a thermal power plant. The self-control heating supply system comprises a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a high-pressure heater and a boiler which are sequentially communicated through pipes. A temperature sensor is arranged in the boiler, a rotation speed sensor is installed on a rotor of a steam turbine of the thermal power plant, and a magnetic valve is arranged on a pipe between an air inlet of the high-pressure heater and an air pumping port of a high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the thermal power plant. A pipe further bypasses between the air inlet of the high-pressure heater and the air pumping port of the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the thermal power plant, a magnetic valve and an air pump are installed on the bypass pipe, a temperature sensor and the rotation speed sensor are connected to a central control central processing unit (CPU) through data acquisition units respectively, and the output end of the central control CPU is connected with the control ends of the magnetic valves respectively. The self-control heating supply system performs air supplement to a low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine according to rotation speed data of the rotor of the steam turbine and boiler temperature data, improves the stability of power generation work and can effectively reduce coal energy loss.