The invention discloses a purifying process for high temperature ash-laden gas produced in tin smelting and a special equipment column, wherein high efficiency separation of arsenic can be realized by using the purifying process, and the high temperature ash-laden gas comes from an industrial furnace of tin smelting flow. The purifying process comprises the following steps: 1, successively carrying out first gas filtration and second gas filtration on the ash-laden gas, wherein the ash-laden gas to be filtered with a temperature of 460 to 900 DEG C is allowed to pass through a first filtering material during first gas filtration, the ash-laden gas to be filtered with a temperature of 110 to 240 DEG C is allowed to pass through a second filtering material during second gas filtration, the first filtering material and the second filtering material both have filtration accuracy of the ash-laden gas of 0.05 to 1 mu m, and at least the first filtering material is composed of a high temperature resistant sintered inorganic porous material; and 2, recovering dust with high tin content from first gas filtration, recovering dust with high arsenic content from second gas filtration and allowing tail gas obtained after second gas filtration to undergo subsequent tail gas treatment.