The invention relates to the field of product anti-fake techniques and provides a product anti-fake system and a method by means of machine vision and on basis of a two-dimensional figure. The system comprises a coded lock, a client device, a telephone network, a mobile communication network, an Internet network, a server end, an anti-fake code query and management unit, a switch board, an order management module and a product anti-fake code label generation unit. The coded lock is arranged at an opening of an anti-fake product. The client device is connected with the server end through the telephone network, the mobile communication network and the Internet network. The switch board is connected with the server end. The anti-fake code query and management unit is connected with the switch board. The order management module is respectively connected with the switch board and the product anti-fake code label generation unit. According to the system, market product counterfeiting can be effectively struck, legal rights and interests of consumers can be well protected, and meanwhile the technical problem that in the prior art, anti-fake codes are too long is solved.