The invention relates to an air treating system with an in-situ recycling function. The air treating system comprises an air filtering system and an in-situ recycling and regenerating system, wherein the air filter system comprises a horn type air inlet, a dust filter layer, an active carbon absorbing layer, a fan and a purified gas outlet along an airflow direction; and the in-situ recycling and regenerating system comprises a dust filter layer recycling and regenerating system and an active carbon absorbing layer recycling and regenerating system. The dust filter layer recycling and regenerating system comprises a high-efficiency filter layer, a first gate system, a cyclone dust remover and a dust storage bin; the active carbon absorbing layer recycling and regenerating system comprises a filtering and absorbing layer, a desorption agent heating system, an airflow mixer, a second gate system and a steam absorbing device; and the operation mode of the whole treating system is controlled by a valve. The air treating system is advanced and reasonable in design structure, realizes automatic control, is simple and rapid in operation, and is suitable for purifying industrial tail gas needing to recycle raw materials.