The invention discloses a vertebral pedicle positioner for spinal column posterior approach minimally-invasive screw fixation. The vertebral pedicle positioner comprises a pair of same metal ring bodies, wherein fluoroscopy rays can not penetrate through the metal ring bodies. The metal ring bodies are fixedly connected through a connecting part and located in the same plane. When the positioner is transversely arranged on the back of a patient for fluoroscopy, drop shadows of vertebral pedicles on two sides are positioned in the metal ring bodies at the same time through fine adjustment of the positioner. The vertebral pedicle positioner for the spinal column posterior approach minimally-invasive screw fixation has the advantages that the vertebral pedicles can be accurately and easily positioned on a body surface, a small surgical incision is accurately selected, and therefore a surgical operation portion can be achieved through division of a gap between multifidus muscle and longissimus muscle under direct vision under the condition that the length of the incision is the same as that of an incision in the prior spinal column minimally invasive technology; the situation that the muscle is injured due to the fact that a surgical approach is conducted in the muscle because of percutaneous direct puncture is avoided, and a vertebral pedicle screw fixation portion and a vertebral plate can be easily found for the screw fixation and decompression; and the positioner is easy and convenient to operate, fast, time-saving and capable of preventing excessive rays from being exposed.