The invention relates to a butynediol low-pressure hydrogenation catalyst recycling process and system, and solves the problems that multiple butynediol low-pressure hydrogenation catalyst recycling apparatuses exist, the filtration efficiency is low, the catalyst recovery rate is low, the process period is long, the energy consumption is high and the operating cost is high in the prior art. According to the technical scheme, the system comprises a slurry trough, a slurry pump and a hydrogenation reactor which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and is sequentially connected with a gas-liquid separation tank, a concentrator and a refining filter. The process comprises the following steps: performing hydrogenation reaction on a butynediol solution, performing flash distillation, concentrating, refining to obtain a 1,4-butanediol solution, and recovering the catalyst. The system provided by the invention is simple and low in investment and operating cost; and the process provided by the invention greatly reduces the number of apparatuses for catalyst recovery, realizes the high-efficiency recovery and cyclic utilization of the butynediol low-pressure hydrogenation catalyst and has high environmental protection and economic values.