The invention relates to an experimental bed capable of automatically controlling system mechanical properties. The experimental bed comprises a mattress and a bedstead, wherein the mattress consists of a bed core, a fabric composite layer (11), a latex foam bedding layer (12) and a spring substrate plate (15), and the bed core consists of evenly arranged independent bagged springs (13); the bagged springs (13) are independently and fixedly arranged on the spring substrate plate (15) and are provided with linear displacement transducers (14), and the mattress is provided with an adjustable comfort region (8) capable of detecting the morphological changes in human spine; the spring substrate plate consists of a plurality of independent small substrate plates, and each small substrate plate is used for supporting two horizontal rows of independent bagged springs (13); and a linear permanent magnet reciprocating motor (21) is respectively arranged under each small substrate plate. The bagged spring compression amount information collected by an information collector is transmitted to a data processor to obtain the human-bed interface indentation amount. The quantitative research on the human-bed interface shape and pressure in real sleeping and natural prone position states is realized.