The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a pear tree growing period and dormancy period whole-course under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation method. The drip irrigation technology is used in the whole course of each of the growing period and the dormancy period, and soil moisture infiltration and soil moisture proportion are controlled. In actual production, discoveries obtained by comparing the pear tree whole-course under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation technology with traditional pear garden broad irrigation under the same climate and soil conditions include: whole-course under-mulch drip irrigation pear tree dripping amount is 350-415m<3>/mu, but traditional broad irrigation pear garden irrigation amount is above 750m<3>/mu, water is actually saved by about 45-53%, whole-course under-mulch drip irrigation enables the soil moisture infiltration and soil moisture proportion to be controlled in the whole course so that moisture supply is more reasonable, and healthy growth of pear tree root systems is benefited; and per mu yield of pear trees can reach 3900-4200kg, and commodity fruits with single weight more than 200g are 3400-3600kg, but per mu yield of pear gardens by traditional broad irrigation is 3500kg, commodity fruits with single weight more than 200g are 2660g, therefore, pear yield is increased by 11-20%, the quantity of commodity fruits is increased by 28-35%, and fruit quality is improved remarkably, and better economic benefit is achieved.