The invention relates to catalytic heat carrier for pyrolysis of carbonaceous material and a preparation method thereof. The catalytic heat carrier is made from transition metal, oxide and/or sulfide of transition metal, clay mineral used as molecular sieve, ore containing transition metal, waste or tailings and/or mixture of them, preferably residual burning bottom ash by direct liquefaction of coal, waste fluidization catalysis cracking catalyst, catalyst by direct liquefaction of waste coal, red mud and/or mixture of them, or more preferably mixture of residual burning bottom ash by direct liquefaction of coal and/or waste fluidization catalysis cracking catalyst and/or catalyst by direct liquefaction of waste coal. The catalytic heat carrier circulates between a pyrolytic reactor and a reheater of the catalytic heat carrier to provide heat for the pyrolytic reactor, and accordingly quick feeding and effective heating of carbonaceous material are achieved and catalytic activity, and oxygen and/or nitrogen transfer capacity of the catalytic heat carrier for various reactions in pyrolysis are given to play to obtain solid, gas and liquid products. A way of pyrolysis of carbonaceous material is performed by an environment-friendly and low-cost method.