The invention discloses a construction method of a reaction box, comprising the following steps: staking and layout: firstly locating locations of loading holes located at four corners of a reaction pedestal of the reaction box, then locating locations of the locating holes at four corners of each grid according to the loading hole locations at the four corners of the reaction pedestal, and locating the other loading hole locations in the grid according to the locating hole locations at four corners of the grid; binding reinforcements; mounting locating molds of the loading holes; mounting and adjusting built-in fittings of the loading holes; mounting prestressed tendons, establishing the other templates of the reaction pedestal; casting concrete; and finishing the reaction box construction. By virtue of staking and layout from the whole to the local part, the accumulated error in the existing location is reduced, and the location mounting precision is improved. The invention further discloses a construction method of the reaction wall similar to that of the reaction box. The method does not need to improve the built-in fittings of the loading holes of the reaction wall, so that the mounting efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.