The invention discloses an ion migration tube using a surface-desorption atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization technology. The ion migration tub comprises an ionization reaction zone, an ion gate, a migration area, a signal collecting device and a surface-desorption atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization source, wherein the surface-desorption atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization source is communicated with the ionization reaction zone and comprises a reaction reagent adding device and a high-pressure ionization device. The high-pressure ionization device comprises a shell body, a spray point and a capillary tube, and a through hole is formed in the shell body in a penetrated mode. A connecting hole communicated with the through hole is formed in the shell body, and the connecting hole is communicated with the reaction reagent adding device through a gas-guide tube. The spray point penetrates into the through hole in the shell body, the pinpoint of the spray point extends out from the shell body, and the pin tail of the spray point is connected with a high voltage power supply. The capillary tube is arranged in the through hole. Compared with an ionization source using nickel 63, the ion migration tube has two advantages that first, the new ionization source is a nonradioactive ionization source; and second, a measured sample does not need to be pretreated, and the measured sample is solid or powdery.